同伴教育对永久性结肠造口患者术后早期社会心理适应的影响

Effect of peer-led education on the psychosocial adaptation of patients with permanent colostomy

目的探讨由不同人群进行电话干预对永久性结肠造口患者术后早期社会心理适应的影响。方法首先招募13例永久性结肠造口术后多年的患者,由造口治疗师进行培训,考核合格后成为同伴教育者。将2011年1月到2012年3月行永久性结肠造口术的91例患者随机分为观察组和对照组。观察组出院后由经培训的同伴教育者定期对患者进行电话访问,对照组出院后由病区护士进行定期电话访问。在患者出院前及出院3个月后,评估2组患者造口相关知识及社会心理适应水平。结果出院3个月后,观察组造口相关知识得分为(58.14±6.88)分,对照组造口相关知识得分为(54.11±5.78)分,差异无统计学意义(t=1.456,P=0.160);观察组社会心理适应总分为(70.79±5.89)分,对照组社会心理适应总分为(50.90±10.89)分,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(t=3.402,P=0.003)。结论实施同伴电话访问可以为造口患者提供有效的社会心理支持,提高患者术后早期的造口相关知识和社会心理适应水平。

Objective To evaluate the effect of telephone intervention by peer educators or by nurses on the psychosocial adaptation of patient with permanent colostomy. Methods Thirteen patients with permanent colostomy were trained to be peel＂ educators. Ninety-one patients with permanent colostomy were randomly assigned into an experimental group（n--48） and a control group（n=43）. The experimental group received telephone intervention by peer educators and the control group by nurses after discharge,respectively. The patients＇ knowledge about stoma care and psychosocial adaptation before discharge and three months after discharge were compared between the two groups. Results The score of psyehosoeial adaptation was significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group（t=3.402,P=0.003）. There was no significant difference in the knowledge about stoma care between the two groups（t=1.456,P=0.160）. Conclusion Peer-led educator can provide effective psychosocial support for the patients with permanent eolostomy and thereby to promote their psychosocial adaptation and knowledge about stoma care.