全麻机制研究——细胞内钙离子信号通路研究进展

Role of calcium signaling in mechanism of general anesthetics

全身麻醉药物的分子作用机制及细胞作用机制虽不明确,但是其对神经递质释放的影响已经达到共识:一方面全身麻醉药物分子与离子通道蛋白或突触蛋白直接作用可以改变神经递质的释放,另一方面也可能通过改变细胞内信号通路而影响神经递质的释放。作为细胞内的重要信使,钙离子浓度([Ca2+]i)受到钙内流系统、钙外流系统及内质网等多方面调节,而存在于这些调节通路的蛋白受体大多数被证明是全身麻醉药物的潜在作用位点。细胞内钙离子最终影响细胞兴奋性和神经递质的释放的重要作用,使得全身麻醉药物调节[Ca2+]i成为研究全麻机制的重要方面。

There is a broad consensus about anesthetics acting on neurotransmitter release in central nervous system although the molecular and cellular mechanisms of general anesthetics are still elusive. Changes in neurotransmitter release may relate to direct interaction of the anesthetic molecule with an ion channel protein or synaptic protein, but they can also be a consequence of altera- tions in intracellular signaling. Calcium is one of the most impor- tant messengers in cells and its intracellular concentration may be modulated by calcium influx system, calcium efflux system andendoplasmic reticulum which are affected by several agents inclu- ding general anesthetics. The role of intracellular calcium in cou- pling neuronal excitation to the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft makes general anesthetic modulation of the in- tracellular calcium concentration （ [ Ca2 ＋] i ） an important poten- tial mechanism of action for these agents.