河北临城崆山白云洞溶洞地貌和沉积特征及其影响因素

Geomorphic features,sedimentary characteristics and their influencing factors of Kongshan Baiyun Cave in Lincheng,Hebei Province

河北崆山白云洞发育在以中寒武统张夏组厚层鲕粒灰岩为主的碳酸盐岩地层中。通过对洞穴结构、形态以及沉积物特征的观测分析,结合区域地质演化、古气候演变研究,认为:(1)白云洞由3层洞穴构成,上层为大型厅堂状,中层和下层为狭窄廊道状。洞穴展布受控于NNW、NE和近EW向断裂。(2)洞穴发育形态、规模不仅与岩性和构造有关,还取决于洞穴形成时期的构造稳定性及与之耦合的气候条件,其成层分布是间歇性构造抬升的结果。(3)溶洞沉积物形态多样,其中毛细水沉积的网状卷曲石、协同沉积的玉簪对净瓶等极为罕见。(4)溶洞发育过程中历经多次坍塌,损毁严重。现今的白云洞岩石破碎,结构稳定性差,易遭破坏。研究白云洞地貌和沉积特征及影响因素,对预测其未来变化、保护洞穴旅游资源有重要意义。

Kongshan Baiyun Cave developed mostly in thick oolitic limestone strata of the Middle Cambrian Zhangxia Formation. By means of the observation and analysis on cave texture, morphology and sedimentary characteristics of the Baiyun Cave, along with areal geological evolution and palaeoclimate e- volution, it was indicated that （ 1 ） Baiyun Cave system comprised three layer caves. The upper layer presented large hall-like caves. The middle layer and the lower layer were narrow corridors. The distribu- tion of the caves was controlled by NNW, NE and nearly EW faults. （2） Development of the cave shape and size not only related with lithology and structures, but also depended on tectonic stability and couplingclimatic conditions in the forming pe of intermittent tectonic uplift. （ 3 ） riods of the caves. The layered distribution of the caves was the result The karst cave deposition landscapes are various. Therefore, reticular helictite made of the capillary water deposition and hosta to aquarius formed from collaborative deposition are very rare. （4） Baiyun Cave was damaged repeatedly by tectonic movements during its development. Nowadays, Baiyun Cave rock is fractured and the cave structural stability is not good. So researches on geomorphic features, sedimentary characteristics and their influencing factors of Baiyun Cave are important to predicting the future change and protecting cave tourism resources.