住宅装修后不同时间室内空气中苯、甲苯和二甲苯的监测

Monitoring of benzene,toluene and xylene pollution of indoor air in the newly decorated tenements at different time

目的监测不同档次新装修住宅室内空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯污染水平,探讨防止苯、甲苯、二甲苯污染的措施。方法对30户不同档次新装修住宅室内空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度进行了为期1 a的追踪测定。结果室内空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度各检测1 800次,装修后明显升高,随着时间推移大体呈下降趋势,5个月后超标率明显降低;不同档次装修的住房,大约在1 a后都能降低到国家规定的标准以下。苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度还受室内、装修档次的影响,装修后的前3个月,高、中、低档次超标率苯分别为44.0%、54.0%和21.0%,甲苯分别为32.0%、36.0%和28.0%,二甲苯分别为36.0%、43.3%%和32.0%。结论住宅装修完工后要加强室内的通风,至少于装修5个月后再入住,才可减少苯、甲苯、二甲苯污染对人体健康造成的损害。

[Objective]To monitor the pollution levels of benzene,toluene and xylene of indoor air in the newly decorated tenements at different grade,and explore countermeasures against their pollution.[Methods]Benzene,toluene and xylene concentrations of 30 newly decorated houses at different grades were monitored for a period of one year.[Results] Benzene,toluene and xylene concentrations were detected for 1 800 times respectively.The results showed their concentrations rose significantly after decoration,while it descended with time,and reached a significantly low level after 5 months.For the newly decorated tenements at different grade,benzene,toluene and xylene concentrations could meet the national standards after 1 year.Meanwhile the benzene,toluene and xylene concentrations could be influenced by interior temperature and the decoration grades,showing benzene,toluene and xylene concentrations of tenements with high,medium and low grade decoration were 44.0%,54.0% and 21.0%;32.0%,36.0% and 28.0%;36.0%,43.3%% and 32.0% respectively.[Conclusion]Indoor ventilation should be enhanced after completion of residential decoration.People should not move into newly decorated tenement within 5 months after decoration to reduce the harm of benzene,toluene and xylene to health.