植物对羰基化合物的排放与吸收研究进展

Carbonyl compounds emission and uptake by plant:Research progress

综述了植物排放、吸收羰基化合物的研究成果,讨论了植物与大气之间羰基化合物的交换补偿点问题.气孔和角质层的吸收是醛类被植物净化的重要途径.羰基化合物进入植物叶片后,在叶片体内酶的作用下绝大部分被代谢为有机酸、糖类、氨基酸、二氧化碳等产物.根据补偿点及周围大气中羰基化合物的浓度可初步推断出植物与大气之间羰基化合物的交换方向.简要叙述了目前植物排放羰基化合物以及植物叶片中羰基化合物的分析方法,如DNPH/HPLC/UV和PFPH/GC/MS法.最后指出未来的研究热点为:改进和优化植物排放羰基化合物的分析方法和研究体系(如植物-土壤体系)、扩大植物排放羰基化合物的检测种类范围、筛选净化污染能力强的植物物种,以及推广植物修复大气污染技术.

This paper reviewed the researches on the carbonyl compounds emission and uptake by plants,and discussed the compensation point of the bidirectional exchange of carbonyl compounds between plants and atmosphere.The uptake by leaf stomata and stratum corneum is the principal way for the purification of air aldehydes by plants.After entering into plant leaves,most parts of carbonyl compounds can be metabolized into organic acid,glucide,amino acid,and carbon dioxide,etc.,by the endoenzymes in leaves.The exchange direction of the carbonyl compounds between plants and atmosphere can be preliminarily predicted by the compensation point and the concentrations of ambient carbonyl compounds.This paper summarized the analytical methods such as DNPH/HPLC/UV and PFPH/GC/MS used for the determination of carbonyl compounds emitted from plants or in plant leaves.The main research interests in the future were pointed out,e.g.,to improve and optimize the analytical methods for the determination of carbonyl compounds emitted from plants and the researches on systems（e.g.,plant-soil system）,to enlarge the detection species of carbonyl compounds emitted from plants,to screen the plant species which can effectively metabolize the pollutants,and to popularize the phytoremediation techniques for atmospheric pollution.