中国城市群金融服务业发展水平及空间格局

The financial services industry development level and spatial pattern of urban agglomeration in China

城市群成为国家经济建设的重要载体,满足城市群产业发展和基础设施建设资金需求,优化金融资源在城市群之间合理配置,摸清城市群金融服务业发展水平状况,显得尤为重要。本研究采用金融相关比率、金融发展效率、保险密度和保险深度等指标体系,通过多指标综合评价方法,定量分析23个城市群银行、保险和证券等金融服务业发展水平的空间差异和格局。结果表明:①城市群内金融服务业综合发展水平差异性较大,在空间上形成东部沿海高于西部和中部的空间格局,其中,长三角城市群、京津冀城市群、珠三角城市群发展水平较高。②城市群金融发展水平滞后于城市群发育水平。其中金融发展效率和保险密度是影响金融服务业综合发展水平的主要因素之一,而金融服务业从业人员多少和城乡居民储蓄额大小影响较小;另外,区域产业结构,特别是上市产业(可交易产品)结构与城市群金融服务业发展水平相关性大。③银行、保险和证券服务业在城市群内部差异较大,京津冀城市群、长三角城市群和珠三角城市群金融资源拥有量占到23个城市群的50%以上,影响和主导着中国金融业发展。

Urban agglomerations construction has become increasingly important in the national economy. Under the background of how to meet the needs of the city＇s industrial development and infrastructure construction funds, and how to optimize the rational allocation of financial resources between the urban agglomerations, it is important to get a clear understanding of the development level of the financial services. By the use of the index system as the financial interrelations ratio, the financial development efficiency, insurance density and insurance depth, the paper conducts studies on the spatial disparity and pattern of the financial services industry development level in 23 urban agglomerations. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows. （1） The financial services industry comprehensive development levels are different. The highest level is seen in the urban agglomerations of the Yangtze River Delta, Capital Metropolitan Circle, and Pearl River Delta. （2） The financial services industry development level mismatches the growth level of the urban agglomerations. For the financial services industry comprehensive development level, the factors of the financial development efficiency and insurance density have more influence than the factors of the practitioners in financial services industry and savings of urban and rural residents. In addition, the regional industrial structure, especially the industrial structure of the listed companies （tradable products） has a close correlation with the financial services industry development level. （3） There are great differences between the banking, insurance and securities services industry. In the 23 urban agglomerations, there is at least 50% of financial resource in urban agglomerations of the Yangtze River Delta, Capital Metropolitan Circle and Pearl River Delta, which has much influence on the financial development of China.