三种壳口颜色脉红螺(Rapana venosa)形态学和线粒体16S rRNA与COⅠ基因片段差异比较分析

VARIANCE ANALYSIS OF THREE COLOR MORPHS OF RAPANA VENOSA BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS AND mt16S rRNA AND COⅠ PARTIAL SEQUENCES

脉红螺壳口通常有3种颜色:"黑白条纹螺"、"中间螺"和"橙色螺"。本论文对3种壳口颜色的脉红螺分别进行了形态学和mt16S rRNA、COⅠ基因片段序列比较分析。形态学分析结果表明,除厣宽/壳高、厣高/壳高、厣高/体螺层、厣高/壳口长、厣高/壳口宽、厣高/厣宽的形态学特征指数和出肉率不具有显著性差异外,其它形态特征和生物学相关变量具有显著差异,且对湿重的影响效果不同。"黑白条纹螺"壳口长和壳口宽对湿重影响最大,而"中间螺"和"橙色螺"各形态特征对湿重均无显著的直接影响。根据各形态特征均值建立的居群形态聚类图显示,"中间螺"和"橙色螺"形态差异较小,二者与"黑白条纹螺"的形态差异较大。然而基于mt16S rRNA和COⅠ基因片段序列分析结果显示,三种壳口颜色的脉红螺无遗传分化,为同一种。

In Rapana venosa, there are three color morphs of aperture： black and white stiped, orange, and intermediate type. In the present study, these three color morphs of R. venosa was compared based on morphological traits and partial sequences of the mitochondrial DNA 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase I gene. The results of morphological analysis showed that morphological traits were all significantly different in three color morphs. Correlation coefficient between each phenotypic traits and whole mass were all significantly different. Aperture length and aperture width had effects on whole mass for ＂black and white stiped＂, while for ＂intermediate type＂ and ＂orange＂ there were no key factor that affecting whole mass. Using Stepwise method establish Multiple linear regression equation. Tree diagram constructed with morphological traits of the three color morphs demonstrated that ＂intermediate type＂ and ＂orange＂ were more closely related to each other than they are to ＂Black and white striped＂. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on partial mtDNA 16S rRNA and CO I gene fragments indicated that there was no genetic divergence among the three color morphs.