不同化学除草剂对保护性耕作小麦田间杂草防除效果的比较与分析

The Comparison and Analysis of the Effects of Different Chemical Herbicides on Weed Control in Wheat Field with Conservational Tillage

为解决呼伦贝尔地区保护性耕作小麦田间杂草危害,提高小麦产量,增加农民收入,选用8种化学除草剂在播前和苗期对小麦田杂草进行防除,其结果表明:确定了呼伦贝尔地区保护性耕作小麦田以藜、卷茎蓼、山苦菜和狗尾草为杂草优势种,披碱草、猪毛菜为亚优势种。所选用的8种除草剂均可用于保护性耕作小麦田杂草的防除,而且几种除草剂混合使用处理的杂草防除效果均优于除草剂单独使用的防除效果,对小麦产量影响的大小顺序与其防除效果相同,顺序依次为草甘膦+2,4-D丁酯+骠马>2,4-D丁酯+骠马>护麦+骠马>10%抑阔宁+骠马>2,4-D丁酯>骠马>2甲4氯钠盐>草甘膦>护麦>伴地农>10%抑阔宁>阔叶枯,其中除草剂混合使用的处理可优先选择使用,而2,4-D丁酯、骠马、2甲4氯钠盐、草甘膦可次之,10%抑阔宁和阔叶枯可不用。

In order to solve the problem of weed damage in wheat field of conservational tillage in Hulunbeier area, increase wheat yield and farmers＇ income,eight chemical herbicides were choose to control the weed of wheat filed before the sowing and in the seedling stage. The results showed that： Chenopodium album, Polygonum convolvulus L,tall lattuce flower and leaf and green bristlegrass were dominant species of wheat field with conservational tillage in Hulunbeier area, lyme grass and salsola were the subdominule.The eight chemical herbicides all can be used to control the weed in wheat field and the control effects of mixed several herbicides were better than the single use of each herbicide.The effects on wheat yield had the same order with the effects on control effects,they both showed Glyphosate combined with 2,4-D-Butyr and puma super〉2,4-D-Butyr combined with Puma super〉Humai combined with Puma super〉10 percent of Yikuoning combined with Puma super〉2,4-D-Butyr^Puma super〉MCPA-Na〉Glyphosate〉Humai〉Pardner〉10 percent of Yikuoning〉Kuoyeku. The treatment which used several herbicides can be choose first,then were the 2,4-D-Butyr, Puma super, MCPA-Na and Glyphosate,10 percent of Yikuoning and Kuoyeku can ＇ t be used.