法理学视野中的社会排斥问题探析

The Social Exclusion in the Jurisprudence Perspective

社会排斥为一在社会学与公共政策领域得到越来越多关注之问题。目前,相关研究大部分集中于社会学、以及经济学、政治学等领域,来自法学领域的回应却十分贫乏。虽然当代社会排斥的政策实践已日渐发达,但如缺乏规范伦理和法理学上之审慎思考,政策实践则仅仅是某种权宜之计或实用性妥协,而无法被当作其他辩护主张所援引的先例或标准,而法理学反思则可以使社会排斥真正成为一种基本正义的问题,甚至可以进而通过探讨反社会排斥中的人权问题,最终使得实际妥协性政策措施上升为关于新法律原则的承诺和法律加以保护的权利。本文主要讨论社会排斥与两种自由观念的关系、社会排斥与两种常见国家观念之关系,以及一种反对社会排斥的社会融合权是否必要和可能这三个问题,力求从法理学层面对社会排斥问题做出初步的分析和回应。

Social exclusion are drawing more and more attention in the research of sociology and public policy.Currently,most of the relevant studies focused on sociology,economics,political science and other fields,but there is very poor response from the field of jurisprudence.Although the policy and practice about social exclusion have become more developed,but as the lack of careful consideration on normative ethics and jurisprudence,policy practice is just some kind of expediency or practicality compromise,and cannot be treated as precedent or standard cited by other defense advocates.Jurisprudence may treat social exclusion as one of the basic problems of justice.By exploring human rights issues in social exclusion,jurisprudence ultimately makes the actual compromise policy measures become the principles of the new law and the legal protection of the rights.This paper focuses on the relationship of social exclusion with both the concept of freedom,with the two common state concept,as well as whether the rights of social integration is necessary and possible,and this paper strives to make a preliminary analysis and response to the problem of social exclusion from jurisprudence stand.