锂离子电池荷电状态估计:非线性观测器方法

Estimation of state-of-charge of lithium-ion battery:nonlinear observer method

电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)的准确估计是电动汽车有效实施能量管理的基本前提和安全高效运行的重要保障.为降低电池系统因迟滞效应和非线性因素对SOC估计产生的不利影响,本文基于Lipschitz非线性系统观测器设计理论,提出了一类电池SOC估计新方法.基于该新方法设计的观测器具有结构简单,估计性能好等优点.首先根据电池等价电路模型给出电池系统的数学描述,进而利用脉冲放电实验数据计算出电池系统各参数值,然后利用线性矩阵不等式方法求解出观测器增益矩阵,最后利用城市道路循环(urban dynamometer driving schedule,UDDS)工况测试验证了观测器系统具有良好的跟踪性能.

The accurate estimation of the state-of-charge （SOC） of battery is the basic premise for the effective en- ergy management and the important guarantee for safe and efficient operation for electric vehicles. To lower the adverse effects of the battery system due to hysteresis, nonlinearity and other factors on battery SOC estimation, we propose a new observer based on Lipschitz nonlinear system observer design theory. This new observer is advantageous in structure and estimate performance. The mathematical description of the battery system is derived based on the equivalent circuit model, the parameters of which are calculated by using the pulse discharge experiment data. The observer gain matrix is obtained by solving a linear matrix inequality. The desirable tracking performance of the observer is validated by the urban dynamometer driving schedule （UDDS） test.