设计自动化理论探讨及实践

RESEARCH ON THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN AUTOMATION AND ITS APPLICATION

本文提出了建立能进行设计、规划及写作等创作活动的智能系统的原理和如何实现的一系列技术措施。提出了功能分解及功能实现的一般创作原理;将知识库分为操作和操作对象两部分,并提出相应的知识表示方法;分析了设计目标的寻求、确立、分解及表示等问题;在空间布局方面,提出了空间元素依据其属性进入空间环境,在环境中寻找合适位置的元素定形定位法及依据空间环境属性,将元素库中适当元素引入空间环境的空间解析法,并将这些方法推广应用到一般元素的布局;在搜索方面提出了综合搜索法。这些原理及设想中的一部分已在计算机上得以实现,用FORTRAN语言和Calcomp图形功能软件写成了自动生成小住宅平面方案的专家系统,并在ELXSI-6400机上运行自动生成了设计方案。

In this paper,some principles and a series of techniques for creating the intelligent system which can do designing, planning and writing are proposed. Among these, the principles for function decomposing and realizing are proposed. The knowledge base is divided into two parts, the part of operations and the part of objects, and the corresponding methods for representing the knowledge are proposed. The questions of searching, determining, decomposing and representing the design goal are studied. In spatial Layout, two methods for shaping and locating the design elements are proposed: one is to introduce the design elements to the spatial environment and search suitable place for them according to their attributes; the other is to endow the spatial environment with suitable meaning according to the environment attributes, and the layout methods above are extended to general elements layout, In searching, the complex searching method is introduced. Some of the principles have been realized in the computer system ELXSI-6400. Expert system THINKER-01, which is written in FORTRAN and Calcomp graphic software, has been constructed and with THINKER-01, and some architectural plans have been created automatically.