从《十万个为什么》问题征集信息看小学生科学意识现状

From Problems Collected by “100000 whys＂ to the Current Situation of Pupil’s Science Awareness

此研究以第六版《十万个为什么》编纂过程中向上海市小学生所征集的问题为基础,从问题分类、问题特征、问题背景三个方面对征集的问题进行数据统计,结合相关的媒体报道信息,对小学生科学意识发展的现状进行分析。文章讨论了小学生科学兴趣的关注点,科学问题的来源以及科学学习的状态;文章提出了科学教育的三条建议：引导儿童对原理与技术过程的关注,培养科技创新能力;把发现生活中的实验性机遇当作科学教育日常化的重心;讨论科学与技术的关系、科学与人文交织的问题作为深化科学教育的主要领域;以期能为我国小学科学教育课程改革提供参考和依据。

Based on the problems collected from pupils with the compiling of the sixth edition of 100000 whys and the related reports from mass media, this study analyzed the current situation of pupil’s science awareness from three aspects, namely the classifications, features and backgrounds of these problems. Pupils’ point of scientific interest, the source of the scientific problems as well as the situation of pupils’ science learning were discussed in the study. Three suggestions about science education were proposed then： guiding children to pay their attentions to the principle of scientific phenomenon and the technical process, building their innovation capability; reckoning the discovery of the experimental opportunities in daily life as the core of science education; reckoning the relationship between science and technology, science and humanities as the main areas of scientific educational deepening. The purpose of the study is in order to provide reference to the current science education curriculum reform in primary school.