理想模式与政治现实的互动——索尔兹伯里的约翰教会—国家关系思想的发展

Balancing the Ideal Paradigm and Political Environment The Development of John of Salisbury's Thought of Church-State Relationship

索尔兹伯里的约翰是中世纪英格兰的教会知识分子。在政治论文集《论政府原理》中,他建构起一个教会-国家关系的理想模式,核心内容是神职权力对国王权力具有引导作用。参与贝克特争论后,在政治现实的压力下,约翰认识到国王权力对保障神职权力的安全与运行具有重要的作用。约翰积极调整理想模式与现实政治之间的张力,积极促进两种权力恢复和平的关系,为维护教会-国家关系的动态平衡创造可能性,有利于社会的和谐稳定。

John of Salisbury was an ecclesiastic intellectual in Medieval England.In Policraticus,John constructed an ideal paradigm of church-state relationship,emphasizing that the sacerdotium guided the regnum.When he was involved in the Becket controversy,under the pressures from political environment,John realized that the regnum played an important role in guaranteeing the security and operation of the sacerdotium.He made an effort to ease the tension between his ideal paradigm and the political environment,to promote the peaceful settlement of the Becket controversy,and therefore,to make possible the dynamic equilibrium between church and state,in favor of a harmonious and stable society.