四川省HIV感染孕产妇的流行情况与对策

Study on the prevalence of HIV infected pregnant women in Sichuan Province and relevant strategies

目的了解四川省孕产妇艾滋病病毒(Human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染的流行情况,为制定全省预防艾滋病母婴传播相关政策提供依据。方法收集2008-2010年,四川省所有县(市、区)接受孕产期保健的孕产妇艾滋病检测状况,并对所有确认的HIV感染孕产妇的基本特征进行调查,分析四川省孕产妇HIV感染状况及其流行病学特征。结果 2008-2010年,全省累计报告HIV感染孕产妇776人,72.55%分布在U市(州),81.96%的HIV感染孕产妇年龄在20～35岁间,65.72%为文盲/半文盲,87.89%为农民和无业人员,71.39%为彝族人群。61.34%是经性传播途径感染,79.12%为经产妇,77.19%本次妊娠结局为分娩,41.24%是孕期保健时确认HIV感染。结论全省孕产妇艾滋病疫情上升速度快,流行范围广,地区差异大,人群特征明显,应根据不同地域特点和感染人群特征,采取有效的艾滋病综合防治措施与策略。

Objective To understand the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） infection among pregnant women in Sichuan Province,and to provide evidence for policy making for prevention of mother to child transmission（PMTCT）.Methods HIV testing data of pregnant women under maternal health care between 2008 and 2010 were collected from all counties/cities/districts of the province,the basic characteristics of the pregnant women who were confirmed HIV positive were investigated and their HIV infection status and epidemiological features were analyzed.Results A total of 776 pregnant women infected with HIV were reported in Sichuan Province between 2008 and 2010.Of them 72.55% were living in U City/Prefecture,81.96% were aged 20 to 35 years,65.72% were illiterate or close to illiterate,87.89% were farmers or unemployed,71.39% were Yi nationality,61.34% were infected with HIV through sexual transmission,and 79.12% were multiparas;77.19% of the pregnancies were ended with child delivery,and 41.24% were identified as HIV positive during the antenatal care.Conclusion The epidemic of HIV infection among pregnant women in this province has been increased rapidly in a wide scale.It is characterized with regional differences and specific population distribution.Effective measures and strategies for AIDS prevention and control should be taken according to the different geographical features and characteristics of the infected population.