成品油公路配送地罐交接 推广中存在的主要问题研究

Main problems in the spreading use of measurement and control of refined-oil offloading at the underground-tank side of the of fload inter face between the tanker truck and the gas station

地罐交接是一种以加油站地罐作为交接界面与承运方进行计量交接的方式,与传统的油罐车交接和地磅交接方式相比,具有运行效率高、非正常损耗低、监管可控等优点,特别是在提高库、站作业效率,堵塞管理漏洞,优化库、站用工等方面具有显著的优势。要开展地罐交接,必须从管理作业、设施设备方面进行相应的调整与改进。地罐交接涵盖油库、配送、加油站、计量、安全等多个环节,在正式实施地罐交接前,应系统规划设计各个相关管理部门的职责。地罐交接作业所涉流程主要包括计划制定、油库付油、在途运输和加油站接卸等步骤,核心工作是数量、质量管理。中国企业在试点地罐交接的过程中,较为突出的问题包括:油库付油精度不准,部分地罐无法标定准确,缺乏综合差量标准,公路罐车难以达到信息化作业要求。为此,应加强领导,高度重视;统筹安排,分步推进;统一标准,加强培训;联合办公,合作共赢。

Employing devices in gas stations’underground tanks to measure and control offload of gas to them from tanker trucks occurs at one side of the offload interface between the gas station and the carrier.In comparison with traditional time-consuming offloadmeasurement and control from the carrier’s oil tanker truck or by loadometer,measurement and control at the underground tank side of the offload interface has the merits of high operating efficiency,irregular-loss reduction and controllability features and,in particular, has the significant advantage of improving the working efficiency of fuel depots and stations,closing gaps in management,and optimizing labor efficiency. Corresponding adjustment and improvement should be made in management and equipment in measuring and controlling offload at the underground tank side of the offload interface.Controlling and confirming offload at the underground tank rather than at the tanker truck involves many links,including with fuel depots, carriers,gas stations,metering and security;so the responsibilities of all relevant management departments should be determined systematically before formal offload measured and controlled at the underground tank side of the offload interface.The main processes involved in measuring and controlling offload at the underground tank side of the offload interface with the tanker truck are formulation of plans,delivery from fuel depots,transportation and receiving of fuel&offloading at gas stations,while the core is the management of quantity and quality.Significant problems emerging during the pilot in measuring and controlling offload at the underground tank end of the interface between the tanker truck and the gas station by Chinese enterprises include:imprecise delivery by fuel depots,failure to correctly calibrate devices in some underground tanks,lack of a comprehensive standard for measuring deviations,and highway tank trucks’failure to meet computerized work requirements.For these reasons, Chinese enterprises should strengthen leadership, attach greater importance to this work,thoroughly plan, arrange,and carry work forward step by step,unify standards,strengthen training,jointly handle work and cooperate for a win-win result.