关于我国现行环境监测分析方法标准体系的思考与建议

Thoughts and Suggestions on Existing Standard Environmental Analytical Methods System in China

本文根据我国现行环境监测分析方法标准体系中标准的分类构成及其数量,提出了存在的问题和不足。概述了US EPA在水和废水、空气、固体废弃物的常规监测分析方法标准体系以及国土安全事件应急监测分析方法标准体系的现状,分析了US EPA环境监测分析方法标准体系的特点及其对我国完善相关标准体系的启示。追踪国内外环境监测技术领域的新技术及其应用情况,提出"十二五"期间完善环境监测分析方法体系的四个着力点,即补充实施现行环境质量标准和污染物排放标准仍缺少的监测分析方法标准,修订更新部分落后的、不能满足需求的现行环境监测分析方法标准,制订"十二五"环境质量标准和污染物排放标准可能新增的控制项目的环境监测分析方法标准,建立适应我国国情的环境应急监测分析方法标准体系。

Based on the composition and the amount of the existing standard environmental analytical methods system,the problems and deficiencies of the system are presented.The current situation of the standard analytical methods system for water and waste water,air,solid waste,and homeland security events of the US EPA are introduced.The characteristics of the US standards system and its implications for China are proposed.Domestic and international new environmental monitoring technology and its applications are tracked.The suggestions to improve the standards of existing standard analytical methods system in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period are given in four aspects as below： supplying standard analytical methods for substances which were regulated in the existing environmental quality standards and pollutants discharge standards but lack of standard analytical methods,revising and updating some of the existing standard environmental analytical methods,developing standard analytical methods for substances which would be regulated in the environmental quality standards and pollutants discharge standards at the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period,and establishing standard analytical methods for environmental emergencies according to the real situation.of China.