海军水面舰艇官兵疲劳状况调查分析及其与社交回避与苦恼状况的相关性研究

Investigation into fatigue of naval surface vessel personnel and its relationship with social avoidance and distress

目的探讨海军水面舰艇部队官兵疲劳状况及其与社交苦恼与回避状况的相关性。方法采用疲劳评定量表(FAI)和社交回避及苦恼量表(SAD),对海军水面舰艇部队1 624名官兵进行测量,应用SPSS 18.0软件进行数据分析。结果海军水面舰艇官兵疲劳严重程度上明显高于健康组,但明显低于慢性疲劳综合征(CFS)病人组;独生子女官兵疲劳严重程度显著低于非独生子女军官;未婚官兵疲劳严重程度显著低于已婚官兵;高学历官兵的疲劳状况更具有情境性且更容易恢复;水面舰艇官兵的疲劳严重程度要高于潜艇官兵且更难于恢复;水面舰艇官兵的疲劳严重程度、情境特异性及可能导致的心理后果均与社交苦恼与回避因子呈显著性正相关,而与疲劳中恢复的因子呈显著负相关;多元逐步回归分析显示,社交苦恼与回避是导致疲劳的重要因素之一。结论管理者应对海军舰艇官兵的疲劳现状,有针对性、有特点地开展综合卫生保健活动,更加有效地缓解疲劳。

Objective To study the situation of fatigue and its relationship with social avoidance and distress in naval surface vessel personnel. Methods A total of 1,624 naval surface vessel personnel were evaluated by Fatigue Assessment Instrument （FAI） and Social Avoidance and Distress scale （ SAD）, and the data were analyzed with SPSS （Version 18.0）. Results The severity of fa- tigue in naval surface vessel personnel was significantly higher than that in healthy controls, but was significantly lower than that in chronic fatigue syndrome （CFS） group; the severity of fatigue of only-child group in naval surface vessel personnel was significantly lower than that in any other group ; the severity of fatigue of the married group was significantly worse than that of unmarried group ; the servicemen with high degree were significantly different from the others in the scores of situation-specificity and responded well to sleeping and relaxing ; the severity of fatigue of naval surface vessel personnel was higher than that of submarine personnel and har- der to revive; the severity of fatigue, the situation-specificity and the psychological consequence of FAI were positively correlated with the scores of SAD in naval surface vessel personnel ; and the reaction to sleeping and relaxing of FAI was negatively correlated with the scores of SAD. It was showed in the multiple correlation regression analysis that social avoidance and distress were the main two factors affecting the fatigue of naval surface vessel personnel. Conclusion The leaders should apply the methods that adapt to the features according to the situation of FAI in naval surface vessel personnel so as to improve the effect on relieving fatigue.