突发公共事件对个体、群体及公众心理影响的作用和传播机制研究

Study on Effect of Public Emergency toward Individual,Group,the Public and Transmission Mechanisms

近年来自然灾害、社会安全事件和公共卫生事件等突发事件频发,给政府和学者的应急管理与研究工作提出了挑战。突发事件的影响不仅限于集体和财产等实体伤害,更深远的伤害则隐于受众的内心。在分析突发公共事件心理冲突特点和总结现有相关概念的基础上,明晰和界定了突发公共事件的概念。并基于此,从心理学的角度,由个体层面到相关群体层面,再到公众层面,分层次探讨了突发公共事件对事件受害者个体、相关群体和非直接受害大众的影响和信息传播机制,并提出了有针对性的心理干预建议。

In recent years, emergencies, such as natural disasters, social security incident and public health emergencies, have taken placed frequently, which leads challenges to emergency management of the government and researchers. The influence of emergency not only causes physical damage, for instance the public and property, but also brings the public＇s mental injury. This paper clarifies and defines the notion of public emergency based on analyzing psychological conflict of public emergency and summarizing the related theories. Then, from the standpoint of psychology, it probes deeply into the issues that public emergency generates the great influence to individual victim, relevant group and the indirect public, meanwhile public emergency affects transmission mechanisms as well. Finally, it puts forward some correlative suggestions on psychological intervention.