炸药性质对岩石粒子运动影响的数值模拟

Numerical simulations on influences of explosive properties on rock particle movement

为研究炸药性质对粒子运动的影响,利用AUTODYN有限元软件模拟球形装药在蓝田花岗岩中的爆炸过程,获取介质中不同位置处的粒子速度和位移曲线,定性分析了炸药特性对岩石粒子运动的影响。数值模拟结果显示,粒子的速度和位移变化趋势与实验结果基本一致,虽然粒子速度峰值与实验值相差很大,而由速度曲线积分所得的粒子位移受到速度峰值、上升时间、脉冲持续时间以及速度衰减过程的影响,粒子位移峰值的偏差在20%以内。在爆炸能量相等的条件下,不同种类的理想炸药爆炸引起的岩石粒子速度峰值大小关系为ur(HMX)>ur(PETN)>ur(TNT),粒子位移峰值的大小关系为D(TNT)>D(HMX)>D(PETN)。非理想炸药的反应速率对粒子速度和位移峰值影响明显,反应速率越快,速度和位移峰值越大。

The explosion processes of spherical PETN charges in Lantian granite were numerically simulated by using the software AUTODYN.Particle velocity and displacement curves at different locations in Lantian granite were obtained and the influences of explosive properties on rock particle movement were qualitatively analyzed.The simulated particle velocity and displacement are consistent with the existent experimental results.There lies a large distinction between particle velocity peaks from simulation and experiment,but the error of particle displacement peak is less than twenty percent,of which influenced by velocity peak,pulse duration,rise time and velocity attenuation.In the case of the same explosion energy,the rock particle velocity peaks induced by the explosion of the HMX,PETN,and TNT charges in Lantian granite decrease in turn.But the particle displacement peak induced by the explosion of the TNT charge is the biggest,the particle displacement peak induced by the explosion of the PETN charge is the least.The reaction rate of non-ideal explosive has an obvious effect on the particle velocity and displacement peaks which increase with the increasing of the reaction rate.