“名从主人”?——名称翻译的语用学思考

Ming Cong Zhuren?——A Reflection of Pragmatics on Name Translation

本文认为将"名从主人"这一翻译原则理解为按音移译会导致误解:"名从主人"成了"音从主人"。这使得该原则在解释和指导名称翻译实践时让人们产生不同程度的困惑。为较好地解决这些困惑,本文从语用翻译论的观点出发,提出在名称翻译时应立足于"为译文读者而译",应围绕"名从主人"这一主要原则再释出"音从主人"、"音、义从主"、"音、形从主"、"形从主人"、"重命名"等五大通则,以解决名称翻译中的移译问题。

This paper holds that it is misleading to view the principle of＂Ming Cong Zhuren＂ in name translation just as sound shifting. It would result in difficulties to some extent in the practice of name translation. To overcome these difficulties,the paper suggests,as a full complement of ＂Ming Cong Zhuren＂, a principle of ＂rendering names for the target reader＂, which is supported by the theory of pragrnatics in translation. From this perspective,the principle of ＂Ming Cong Zhuren＂ for name translation can be perfected by adding to it five general maxims for shifting source names to the target text - ＂sound shifting＂,＂sound and meaning rendering＇,＂sound and form copying＂,＂form shifting＂ and ＂renaming＂.