健康教育对新兵集训期卫生防病的效果研究

Effects of health education on diseases in recruits during mass training

【目的】研究健康教育对武警新兵集训期间非外伤性疾病的预防效果。【方法】将驻津武警某部2009年入伍535名新兵随机分为实验组和对照组,根据新训开始后1个月疾病发病情况,对实验组新兵进行为期2周的健康教育指导。统计健康教育后1个月实验组及对照组疾病发病情况,并对各项数据采用SPSS17.0进行统计学分析。【结果】新训第一个月内呼吸系统疾病发病率高居首位(发病率52.15%),发病率居于第二位的是消化系统疾病(发病率16.82%),皮肤系统疾病中疥疮发病率1.68%,冻伤发病率3.55%。经健康教育后实验组呼吸系统疾病发病率较对照组低(37.13%vs45.63%,P<0.05),下消化道疾病发病率较对照组低(7.35%vs12.55%,P<0.05),两组间疥疮发病率有显著统计学差异(0.7%vs3.04%,P<0.05),上消化道疾病和冻伤发病率两组间无统计学差异。【结论】对入伍新兵采取针对性健康教育可有效减少新训期间内科系统及皮肤系统疾病的发生,保障新训工作的顺利开展。

[Objective] To study the effects of health education on the prevention of non traumatic diseases in recruits during centralized training.[Methods] Recruits enlisted and stationed in Tianjin in 2009 were random divided into vehicle-treated group and health education group. Instruction program was carried lasting for two weeks, according to the data from the incidence of diseases in the first month. The data of the incidence in the next month after the education was studied. SPSS 17.0 was used for data analysis. [Results] The incidence of respiratory disease was 52.15%, ranked fist. Then was the digestive disease, the incidence was 18.62%. The incidence of scabies and congelation, the diseases of subcutaneous tissue system, was 1.68% and 3.55%. After the health education, compared with the control group, the incidence of respiratory disease was lower in health education group（37.13% vs 45.63%, P 0.05）, it also happened in disease of lower digestive tract（7.35% vs 12.55%, P 0.05）. There was an obvious difference in the incidence of scabies between the health education group and the control group（0.7% vs 3.04%, P 0.05）. [Conclusions] Effectual health education of non traumatic diseases in recruits can reduce the incidence of diseases and facilitate the logistics guarantee during the mass training.