阜阳市重要湿地夏季鸟类多样性研究

Summer bird diversity of the major wetlands in Fuyang City

为了掌握阜阳市重要湿地的鸟类资源,2011年7月-2011年9月,采用样带法对阜阳市4个重点湿地的夏季鸟类资源进行了调查。调查共记录阜阳市重要湿地鸟类11目25科43种,雀形目鸟类种数最多,共19种,占全部种类数的44.1%。东洋界、古北界和两界广布种分别占繁殖鸟种数的39.5%、34.8%、25.6%;湿地水鸟21种,占全部鸟类的47.8%;湿地鸟类群落的优势种为家燕、烟腹毛脚燕和灰椋鸟。八里河省级湿地自然保护区鸟类种数最多(N=30),多样性指数最高(H=2.49);4个湿地之间鸟类相似性系数均较高。鸟类多样性指数、鸟类种都与湿地面积呈显著正相关(多样性r=0.985,P=0.015;鸟种r=0.974,P=0.026)。从鸟类多样性保护考虑,湿地保护区和湿地公园的建设和管理应向保持湿地面积、增加植被复杂性发展。

In order to acquire the knowledge of bird diversity in Fuyang City,we investigated 4 major wetlands during July-September 2011.There were 43 species of waterbirds belonging to 11 orders and 25 families.Passerine constituted the majority of wetlands birds,accounting for 44.1%.Oriental,Palaearctic and Cosmopolitan species made up 39.5%,34.8% and 25.6% of the total number of breeding birds respectively.Waterfowl accounted for 47.8% of wetland bird species.Dominant species in the wetlands were Hirundo rustica,Delichon dasypus,and Sturnus cineraceus.Among the 4 wetlands,Balihe Provincial Nature Reserve ranked the first in both bird species（N=30） and diversity index（H=2.49）,and the similarity coefficient among these wetlands was high.Bird diversity index and species richness had a significant relation with the area of wetlands（the former r=0.985,P=0.015;the latter r=0.974,P=0.026）.From the view of bird diversity protection,the construction and management of wetland reserve and park should follow the trend of wetland maintaining and vegetation complexity increasing.