小儿高热惊厥198例临床分析

Febrile Convulsion in Children:Clinical Analysis of 198 Cases

目的研究高热惊厥(FC)患儿的临床特征,寻找预防FC复发的措施。方法分析198例FC患儿的临床资料,并于其出院后随访首次发病患儿138例,将复发FC患儿设为观察组,无复发FC患儿作为对照组;比较两组患儿年龄、性别、体温等方面的差异,并进行统计学分析。结果小儿高热性惊厥多见于6个月～3岁,男多于女,有遗传相关性,病因以上呼吸道感染最常见;引起FC复发的相关因素有年龄、性别、体温、持续时间、惊厥类型、家族史。结论多数FC患儿的预后良好,但复发率较高,对于有复发倾向患儿,实施及时有效的预防,可改善患儿的预后。

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of childhood febrile convulsions （FC）, and to seek a method to prevent the relapse of FC. Methods Analysis was carried out on the clinical data of 198 children with FC. 138 children of first- onset FC were followed up after their discharge from the hospital. Children with relapsed FC were selected as observation group and those without as the controls. Both groups were compared for age, gender and body temperature and a statistical analysis was conducted afterwards. Results Childhood febrile convulsion usually occurred at age 6 months to 3 years, and were more commonly seen in boys than in girls and genetically correlated. The most com- mon cause was upper respiratory tract infection. Factors associated with FC relapse were age, gender, body temperature, duration, type of convulsions and family history. Conclusions Most children with FC have a favorable prognosis, but the relapse rate is high. For children at risk for relapse timely and effective prevention can improve their prognosis.