建构主义视角下的国际制度与国内政治:进展与问题

On International Institutions and Domestic Politics from the Perspective of Constructivism:Progress and Problem

在"适当性逻辑"和"争论逻辑"下,建构主义者为探索国际制度对国内政治的影响提出了具有不同因果机制的模型。组织趋同模型强调了国际组织的传授,社会学习模型突出了被说服者的学习,而文化匹配模型则展示了行为体对外来规范的本土化。但这些建构主义模型并不能有效地说明多元偏好条件下国内行为体对国际制度的战略性运用,也忽视了国际规范扩散的强制性和偏好的相对稳定性。作为既竞争又互补的研究路径,建构主义可以和理性主义携手解决其中的一些问题。

Constructivists have proposed models with different causal mechanism to explore the impact of international institutions on domestic politics according to the ＂appropriate logic＂ and ＂debate logic＂. The organizational convergence model focuses on the teaching role of international organizations, the social learning model highlights the learning of the persuadee, and the cultural matching model pays more attention to localization of foreign norms. However, these constructivist models fail to effectively explain the strategic application of international institutions by domestic actors in the context of multiple preferences. In addition, these models neglect the coercive diffusion of international norms and the relative stability of preferences. The paper concludes that collaboration of constructivism and rationalism might function as competing paradigms and complementary approaches in order to solve some of the problems mentioned above.