蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、体组成和血浆生化指标的影响

Effects of Fish Meal Replacement by Maggot Meal on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Plasma Biochemical Indexes of Juvenile Yellow Catfish(Peltobagrus fulvidraco)

本试验旨在研究蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、体组成和血浆生化指标的影响。选用初始均重为2.02 g的黄颡鱼960尾,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复40尾。6组试验鱼分别投喂以蝇蛆粉替代基础饲料中0、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%鱼粉的6种等氮(39.5%)等能(16.8 MJ/kg)试验饲料,并分别记为G0、G20、G40、G60、G80、G100组。试验期为60 d。结果表明:蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼幼鱼存活率影响不显著(P>0.05)。除G20组外,各替代组黄颡鱼幼鱼的终末体重、增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率、蛋白质沉积率与对照组(G0组)相比显著降低(P<0.05),饲料系数显著升高(P<0.05)。G80组摄食量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼幼鱼肥满度,脏体比,肝体比,全鱼水分、灰分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙、总磷含量和血浆尿素氮含量及谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性的影响不显著(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,G60～G80组血浆葡萄糖、G40～G100组血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著升高(P<0.05),G80～G100组血浆总蛋白、G20～G100组血浆胆固醇、G20～G80组血浆甘油三酯和G60组血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05)。由此得出,蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉比例超过20%时会显著影响黄颡鱼幼鱼的生长性能和部分血浆生化指标;以生长性能为评价指标,黄颡鱼幼鱼饲料中蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉的比例不宜超过20%。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fish meal replacement by maggot meal on growth performance,body composition and plasma biochemical indexes of juvenile yellow catfish（Peltobagrus fulvidraco）.Six isonitrogenous（39.5%） and isoenergetic（16.8 MJ/kg） experimental diets were formulated with 0,20%,40%,60%,80% and 100% fish meal replacement by maggot meal on basal diet basis.A total of 960 juvenile yellow catfish with an average body weight of 2.02 g were randomly assigned to 6 groups with 4 replicates per group and 40 fish per replicate.The fish in the 6 groups were fed the 6 experimental diets,which were named groups G0,G20,G40,G60,G80 and G100,respectively.The experiment lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows： there was no significant difference in survival rate among all groups（P0.05）.Compared with the control group（group G0）,the final body weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate,protein efficiency ratio and protein deposition rate in groups G40 to G100 were significantly decreased（P0.05）,while the feed coefficient was significantly increased（P0.05）.The feed intake in group G80 was significantly higher than that in control group（P0.05）.No significant differences were found among all groups in condition factor,viscerosomtic index,hepatosomatic index and contents of moisture,crude protein,crude lipid,ash,calcium and total phosphorus in whole body（P0.05）.There were no significant differences in urea nitrogen content,glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activities in plasma with increasing maggot meal in diets（P0.05）.Compared with the control group,plasma glucose content in groups G60 to G80,and plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol content in groups G40 to G100 were significantly increased（P0.05）,while plasma total protein content in groups G80 to G100,plasma cholesterol content in groups G20 to G100,plasma triglyceride content in groups G20 to G80 and plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol content in group G60 were significantly decreased（P0.05）.The results indicate that a significant effect is found in growth performance and some plasma biochemical indexes of juvenile yellow catfish when the fish meal replacement by maggot meal is over 20%.With growth performance as an evaluating index,it is suggested that fish meal replacement by maggot meal should not be more than 20% in diets of juvenile yellow catfish.