乌兰察布型华北驼绒藜品种栽培驯化试验研究

Experimental Study on Cultivation and Domestication of Ceratoides arborescens (Losinsk.)Tsien et C. G. Ma cv. Wulanchabu Variety

乌兰察布型华北驼绒藜[Ceratoides arborescens(Losinsk.)TsienetC.G.Macv.Wulanchabu]是采集内蒙古乌拉特中旗和后旗、四子王旗荒漠草原野生的华北驼绒藜种子,经10多年引种驯化栽培选育而成的新品种。选择性能优良的植株采收种子,在内蒙古农牧业科学院四子王基地及其周边地区进行品种比较试验、区域试验、生产试验及推广应用。研究发现,该品种具有以下优点:①植株高大,根系发达;②抗旱、耐寒、耐瘠薄,耐盐碱,适应性强;③营养丰富,适口性好,生长速度快,产草量高。在驯化选育的过程中,对驼绒藜属内的植物及其他牧草在干旱地区的建植进行了对比,结果该品种显示出苗率高、成苗率高、产量高且稳定的特点,育苗建植有比较显著的经济效益,在生态治理和改良盐荒地方面表现优异。生产利用中主要推广小面积育苗大面积移栽技术种植乌兰察布型华北驼绒藜。

Ceratoides arborescens （Losinsk.）Tsien et C. G. Ma cv. Wulanchabu is a new variety bred from wild desert grass seeds collected in Wulatezhongqi ,Houqi ,Siziwangqi, and after 10 years of introduction and cultivation. We chose seeds and carried out comparative test,regional test,productive test,popularization and application in the Comprehensive Test and Demonstration Center, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences and surrounding areas. The variety showed following advantages ： （1）tall plant with developed root system; （2）resistanee to drought, cold and poor soil, strong adaptability ; （3） rich nutrition and good for animals ,fast growth, high forage yield. In the process of domestication, we compared Ceratoides with other forage grass in arid region,the variety showed characteristic of high germination rate,high seedling rate,high yield. Seedling and planting of this variety has remarkable economic benefits, it plays a good role on improving ecological environment. In production ,we use technique of seedling in small area and transplanting in big area.