野生牧草的引种驯化——Ⅱ油蒿

The Introduction and Acclimatization of Wild Forage——Ⅱ. Artemisia ordosica Krasch.

油蒿(Artemisia ordosica Krasch.)又名黑沙蒿、鄂尔多斯蒿,系菊科蒿属灌木,典型旱生沙生植物。油蒿以其独特的生物学特性分布在干旱、半干旱的典型草原、荒漠草原、草原化荒漠及荒漠地带。概述了油蒿的自然分布、引种试种和应用过程、形态特征、植物分类和细胞学研究、生长发育、适应性和环境条件、建植技术及草地管理、虫害及其防治、营养价值,并介绍了同属植物的开发利用,以期为更好地推广种植和开发利用油蒿提供参考。

A rtemisia ordosica Kraseh., also called A rtemisia ordosica Kraseh. and Ordos A rtemisia, is a typical xerophytes and psammophytes ,which belongs to composite family Artemisia shrub. With its unique biological characteristics ,Artemisia ordosica Krasch. distributes in semi-arid and arid typical steppe （TS）,pratum steppe （PS）,desert steppe and desert. This paper summarizes Artemisia ordosica Krasch.＇ s natural distribution,introduction and application process,morphological character, plant taxonomy, cytological studies, growth and development, adaptability and environmental condition, vegetation construction, grassland management, control of insects and pests, nutritive value, exploitation and utilization of same genus plants, in order to provide a reference for more effective exploitation, utilization and expansion planting ofArtemisia ordosica Krasch..