摘要
介绍了一种核径迹探测器CR - 39塑料的特性 .这种探测器对带电粒子非常灵敏 .它还具有稳定、透明等特点 ,可记录 p、α粒子 ,裂变碎片和其他带电粒子 ,它是现有固体核径迹探测器中能量沉积密度探测阈最低的材料 .介绍了CR - 39对带电粒子的响应 ,给出了各种带电粒子的vT 对限定能量损失 (REL)的响应曲线 .利用CR - 39与转换屏的组合还可测定能量范围广的中子能谱 ,可作为方便的个人中子剂量计 .介绍了CR - 39在研究中子、带电粒子引起的核反应产物、角分布和反应截面等特性以及在α粒子剂量学和环境科学尤其是氡剂量学中的应用 .此外 ,CR - 39已成功用于生物医学中放射性水平极低的生物组织切片α放射性分析 .
The transparent and stable plastic material CR-39 can be used as a nuclear track detector which is highly sensitive to charged particles. It can record tracks induced by protons, alphas, fission fragments and other charged particles. Among various available solid state nuclear track detectors CR-39 has the lowest deposited energy density detection threshold. The response of CR-39 to charged particles and the response curve of v T of different charged particles to REL are given. The CR-39 detector is widely used in studies of nuclear reactions, angular distributions and reaction cross sections caused by neutrons and charged particles. Neutron spectra, over a wide energy range, can be measured by the combination of CR-39 and a transformation screen. The successful applications of CR-39 in alpha particle dosimetry, environmental science (especially in the measurement of radon) and in biomedicine, such as the analysis of alpha radioactivity in sections of organic tissues, are described.
出处
《物理》
CAS
2000年第7期397-400,392,共5页
Physics
