寰齿关节退行性骨关节病的CT征象及其发病因素分析

Analysis of the CT signs and the clinical relevant factors of degenerative osteoarthritis of atlanto- odontoid joint

目的探讨寰齿关节退行性骨关节病的CT征象并分析其发病的相关因素。方法随机抽取2011年6月至2012年4月214例接受头颅CT检查的患者，对其颈椎的CT征象及临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果214例患者中诊断为寰齿关节退行性骨关节病120例，其中67例患者合并中下颈椎退行性骨关节病，43例患者有慢性颈枕痛病史。CT征象中有95．83％（115／120）表现为骨质增生，44．17％（53，120）表现为齿状突周围钙化，24．17％（29，120）的患者寰齿关节狭窄甚至消失。寰齿关节退行性骨关节病的发病随年龄的递增而增加。120例寰齿关节退行性骨关节病的患者出现颈枕痛症状77例，发病率为64．17％（77／120）。结论寰齿关节退行性骨关节病的CT征象主要包括骨质增生，关节边缘骨赘，齿状突周围钙化以及关节间隙变窄。寰齿关节退行性骨关节病的发病随年龄的增长而增加，并且与颈枕痛的发生有密切关系。

Objective To analyze the CT signs and the clinical relevant factors of degenerative osteoarthritis of atlanto-odontoid joint. Methods The CT signs and the clinical information of 214 patients received CT scans of skull from June 2011 to April 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Results One hundred and twenty patients were diagnosed with degenerative osteoarthritis of atlanto-odontoid joint, while 67 of them having subaxial degenerative osteoarthritis at the same time. Forty-three patients had a history of chronic cervical and occipital pain. 95.83% （115/120） patients showed osteophytes in CT scans,while 44.17% （531120） showed calcification around dens and 24.17% （291120） showed joint space obliteration. The incidence rate increased with age. Seventy-seven patients [64.17% （77/120）] appeared cervical and occipital pain. Conclusions Degenerative osteoarthritis of atlanto-edontoid joint shows hyperostosis, osteophytes at the edge of joint, joint space obliteration and calcification around dens in the CT scans. The incidence rate is increased with age and correlated with cervical and occipital pain.