“开放建筑”历史回顾及其对中国当代住宅设计的启示

A View on the Development of Open Building and Its Revelation on Residential Design in China Today

由我国传统建筑的灵活性入手,解释开放建筑的开放性和灵活性概念。根据时代特点和经济技术背景,将开放建筑的发展过程大致分为3个时期,即:小面积住宅灵活性的尝试;工业化装配的多样性;以及住宅的多适性研究;通过对各个时期典型实例的分析,阐述每个发展阶段的特色,并由此结合我国当今住宅建设的特点,提出当下住宅产业问题的解决方法,并不是建筑技术上的革新,而是对住宅的观念和设计的改变,即"开放"的建筑。

Starting with the flexibility in the traditional Chinese buildings, this essay explains the openness and flexibility in Open Building theory. According to the differences of the economy and technology in various ages, the development of Open Building can be divided into three phases： the flexibility in small-area houses; the diversity of industrialized assembly; and the adaptability in residential buildings. Through the analysis on the real projects, the characteristics of each phase are described. Combining with today＇s residential construction in China, the essay proposes certain solutions to the current housing industry： the solution does not exist in the technical innovation, but in changing the concept of design and houses to be ＂Open Building＂.