文人园林——迈向第三自然的中国式“乌托邦”尝试

Chinese Scholars' Garden: A Chinese Utopia for the Third Nature

一直以来,人们都在进行有关乌托邦的各种实践,而建筑师、规划师和风景园林师们则在为乌托邦寻找一个真正可以依附的空间环境。园林正是这种实践的产物。中国历史上的文人园林,是一个具有中国地方特性的理想世界,是一个由古到今都不曾过时的地域化的梦想。试图通过对文人园林的相关研究,来阐释人文与自然关系的变革,以构筑第三自然的理念,让人类的各种行为都能与环境潜能协同起来,为现代的乌托邦的世界营造提供一些借鉴。

All the times people are practicing a true laboratory for this Utopia research, while architects, city planners and landscape designers are continuously searching for an actual space and environment where Utopia could actually attach to, and Chinese garden could be considered as the results of such inventions. Chinese garden in history was an ideal world embraced with China special characteristics, and has remained to be a modern localized dream whether in ancient or modern. Through the research on the Chinese scholars＇ garden, this article attempts to analyze the revolution of the relationship between culture and nature, and provides some reference for the modern utopia design. This approach could tune people＇s acts to the environment, and re-establish ＂nature＂ technologically and culturally. It is what certain philosophers call the Third Nature.