基于分布式水文模型的水功能区设计流量研究

Study on designed flows of water function reaches based on distributed hydrological model

通过建立流域分布式水文模型,并实现对于枯水期流量的有效模拟,结合水功能区设计流量核算规则,提出了基于分布式水文模型的水功能区设计流量计算方法。应用该方法对松花江流域内300个水功能区的设计流量进行了计算,并考虑取用水、下垫面和调水工程等因素的影响,对流域在2020年和2030年水循环情景下水功能区设计流量的变化情况进行了计算和分析。计算结果表明,在未来情景下流域内水功能区设计流量整体呈下降趋势。以松花江干流上设计流量下降幅度较大的扶余站和哈尔滨站所在的水功能区为重点研究对象,提出为上游丰满水库设置230m3/s最小下泄流量的优化解决方案以对干流径流过程进行调控。

Based on a distributed hydrological model and its effective simulation of river flow in dry season, this paper proposed a convenient and efficient method to compute the designed flows of water function reaches. Applying the method into Songhua River Basin, the paper calculated the designed flows of 300 water function reaches in the basin, simulated and analyzed their variations in the scenarios of 2020 and 2030 year, which took into consideration the growing water use, the changing landuse and the construction of large water diversion projects. The results show that there is an overall downtrend of the designed flows in the future scenario. Attach importance to the notably declined designed flows of Fuyu and Haerbin station, the paper proposed an optimal resolution by setting a lowest discharge of upstream Fengman Reservoir in the value of 230m3/s.