社会保险视角下的新型农村合作医疗立法思考

Legislation on the new rural cooperative medical system from the perspective of social insurance

观察了建国以来农村合作医疗发展沿革，提出了新型农村合作医疗的概念和法律性质，认为新型农村合作医疗是一种以国家和社会为责任主体，面向广大农民的“非自愿”非典型性社会保险。在重点借鉴美国、日本、德国相关立法经验，总结当前地方试点情况的基础上，提出应当尽快制定新型农村合作医疗的法律法规，对新型农村合作医疗制度的概念、目的、法律性质、功能、管理机构、资金筹措和监管等加以规范。

Based on an observation of the evolution in rural cooperative medical system, the author proposed the concepts and legal nature of the system. He held that the system is a non-voluntary social insurance,with the country and society as the subjects of liability and oriented to peasants at large. With focused reference of legislation experiences in the USA, Japan and Germany, and summary of local experiments, the author recommended to draft laws and decrees of the system without delay, regulating the conception, goal, legal nature, functionality, regulators, fund raising, and supervision of the system.