论可持续发展视野下自然资源的非财产性

On the Non-property Nature of Natural Resources from the Perspective of Sustainable Development

在近代以来权利观念的主导下,自然资源被沦为人类占有、控制的财产,因而导致了现代环境危机的爆发,进而催生了可持续发展观念。把自然资源视为财产实际上是一种错误认识,并且这一错误认识得到人们常识和法律文本的"支持"。本文的主要目的就是纠正这种错误认识,进而为保护人类赖以生存的自然环境、实现人类的可持续发展探寻新的法律路径。文章主要运用理论分析与价值判断的方法,证明可持续发展观念要求为保护自然资源的生态价值而对自然资源经济价值的开发利用进行限制,强调自然资源的生态完好性。本文的基本结论是,在可持续发展的视野下,自然资源实际上就是整个地球的生态系统,它是人类赖以生存的衣食父母和摇篮,而不是人类的财产。这一结论应该是人们处理自然资源开发利用关系的基础性前提,同时也是我们进一步探索可持续发展视野下有关自然资源的权利义务关系的起点。

Under the dominant concept of right in modem times, natural resources became the property possessed and controlled by human beings. This has led to the explosion of modem environmental crisis and then gave birth to the concept of sustainable development. In fact, natural resources viewed as property is a kind of wrong understanding, and this mistake was supported by common sense and legal texts. The main purpose of this paper is to correct this mistake, and then to protect the natural environment for the survival of mankind and to explore new law path for realization of the sustainable development of mankind. The paper mainly uses methods of theory analysis and value judgment to prove that the concept of sustainable development which emphasizes on the ecological integrity of natural resources requires that restrictions be imposed on the development and utilization of the economic value of natural resources for the protection of its ecological value. The basic conclusion of this paper is that natural resources are actually the entire ecosystem of our planet under the vision of sustainable development. It is the foundation for the survival of mankind, rather than its property. This is not only the basic premise that should be taken when dealing with the exploitation of natural resources, but also the starting point from which we further explore the rights and obligations related to natural resources under the vision of sustainable development.