山东、江苏两省人力资本水平评估及启示

Evaluation and Enlingtment of the Levels of Human Capital in Shandong and Jiangsu

人力资本得到提高并取代劳动力、土地等要素,成为构成一个国家或地区竞争的重要因素。转方式调结构从某种意义上讲,就是从资源消耗型转变为人力资本型推动发展的模式。山东省和江苏省在我国经济发展占有重要位置,两省的GDP约占全国的1/5。通过山东、江苏两省人力资本水平比较,认识两省的发展特点,对于我国目前转型发展有启示意义。研究表明:一是人力资本总体水平江苏省高于山东省;二是人力资本基础水平山东省略高于江苏省;三是江苏省人力资本投资水平增长速度高于山东省;四是山东省人力资本存量水平低于江苏省。山东省提升人力资本水平,实现转型发展,主要对策是:一要加快经济结构调整,提升人力资本投资的能力;二要优化人力资本投资方向,推动新兴战略产业发展;三要优化公共财政结构,真正体现教育优先原则。

Human capital is improved and replaces elements such as labor and land, it an important factor for a nation to join in competition. To some extent, pattern transferring and structure adjusting is a kind of development model that transfers from the model burning resources to the one drived by human capital. Shandong and Jinagsu play an important role in the economic development, the GDP of the two Provinces is one-fifth of the whole national GDP. Through comparing human capital levels in Shandong and Jiangsu Provinces, the paper reveals that ① the overall level of Jiangsu Province is higher than that of Shandong Province ;② the average level of Shandong is a bit higher than that of Jiangsu; ③ development speed of human capital investment level of Jiangsu is higher than Shandong ; ④ human capital stock level of Shandong is lower than that of Jiangsu. The measures are put forward as follows ： speed up the adjusting of economic structure, optimize human captical investment direction, and optimize public finance structure.