县域尺度下交通对乡村聚落景观格局的影响研究——以宿州市埇桥区为例

TRANSPORTS INFLUENCE ON RURAL SETTLEMENT LANDSCAPE PATTERN AT COUNTY SCALE——A Case Study of Yongqiao of Suzhou

聚落景观格局及其影响因子的研究历来是乡村地理学研究的热点,而交通对聚落的空间分布格局影响日益加深。以皖北的埇桥区为研究对象,基于土地利用现状图,运用GIS技术和景观分析软件,在县域尺度定量分析不同类型、不同等级交通对乡村聚落景观格局的影响。结果表明:交通运输用地是乡村聚落景观斑块之间和乡村聚落景观与其它类型景观进行物质和信息传递的景观廊道;乡村聚落景观面积和交通运输用地面积在数量上存在正相关关系;交通是影响乡村聚落景观格局的重要因子,且不同类型、不同等级的交通与乡村聚落景观空间分布的相关性不同;国道、省道和县道与乡村聚落景观空间分布有正相关性,铁路、高速公路和农村道路与乡村聚落景观分布则呈负相关。

The rural settlement landscape pattern and its influencing factors are always the hot topics of the rural geography. In this paper, we studied different kinds of transports influence on rural settlement landscape pattem. Four pattern indexes were computed and analyzed using Patch Analyst version 4.0, the number of patches and area in each distance belt were calculated using ArcGIS version 9.3. Therefore we quantitatively analyzed and explained the spatial relationships between different kinds and grades of transports and the rural settlement landscape pattern. The farmland is the biggest part of the study district and its spatial connectivity is high, indicting farmland is the landscape matrix. The average ffactal dimension,spatial connectivity,edge effects and spatial contiguity of the transport land are higher than other landscape patterns. The result indicated that the transport land is the landscape corridor among the rural settlement landscape patches and between the landscape type and others, which were considered as the transfer of material and information. The State Road ,the Provincial Road and the County Road act as positive correlation in space with the rural settlement landscape patches, and the correlation of the State Road is more relevant than the Provincial Road ＇s, the Provincial Road＇s is more relevant than the County Road＇s, too. The Railway,the Expressway and the Rural Road act as negative correlation in space with the rural settlement landscape patches. The average patch area of the rural settlement would become smaller as the distance from the transport land increases, This paper would be positive to the study of the formation mechanism of rural settlement and the village planning distribution.