琼榄不同部位化学成分预试验及总黄酮含量测定

Preliminary Test of Chemical Components and Content Determination of Total Flavonoids in Different Parts of Gonocaryum lobbianum

目的:研究南药琼榄根、茎、叶、果壳不同部位所含的化学成分,并测定琼榄各部位中总黄酮的含量。方法:采用系统预试验法对琼榄各部位的水、95%乙醇、石油醚提取液进行化学成分研究;以芦丁为对照品,采用NaNO2-A(lNO3)3-NaOH比色法测定琼榄不同部位中总黄酮的含量。结果:琼榄根、茎、叶、果壳中均含有糖及多糖类、氨基酸、多肽及蛋白质、黄酮、甾体及三萜类、生物碱、香豆素及内酯、挥发油等成分;均可能含有有机酸。此外,其根、叶中含有酚类、蒽醌、强心苷,茎、果壳中可能含有酚类、蒽醌、强心苷;各部位均不含皂苷。琼榄根、茎、叶、果壳中总黄酮的质量分数分别为0.028%、0.017%、0.033%、0.012%,以叶中总黄酮质量分数最高。结论:本试验初步确定了琼榄各部位的化学成分类型并测定了总黄酮的含量,可为进一步研究琼榄提供依据。

OBJECTIVE： To study the chemical components of root, stem, leaves and nut shell of Gonocaryum lobbianum, and to determine the content of total flavonoids in different parts of G. lobbianum. METHODS. The extraction of every part with water, 95% ethanol and petrol ether was respectively experimented by comprehensive preliminary tests. Using rutin as substance control, the contents of total flavonoids in different parts of G. lobbianum were measured by colorimetric method with sodium ni- trite-aluminum nitrate-sodium hydroxide. RESULTS： The different parts of G. lobbianum contained sugar, polysaccharide, amino ac- id,polypeptide,protein, flavonoids, sterides, triterpene, alkaloids, cumarin, latones, volatile oils, and may contain organic acids. The root and leaves contained phenols, anthraquinone, cardiac glycosides, but stem and nut shell may contain phenols, anthraqui- none, cardiac glycosides. All of them didn＇ t contain saponins. The content of total flavonoids of root, stem, leaves, nut shell were 0.028%, 0.017%, 0.033%, 0.012%. The content of total flavonoids of leaves was the highest. CONCLUSION： The results of pre- liminary tests determine the types of chemical components and the content of total flavonoids of G. lobbianum, which provide evi- dence for further study.