减少激光指示器照射时间的目标跟踪算法研究

A Target Tracking Algorithm that Reduces Laser Designation Time

为减少激光制导武器攻击过程中激光指示器的照射总时间,研究了一种新的目标跟踪算法。激光制导武器充分使用自身INS/GPS组合导航,由卡尔曼滤波中的协方差判断武器目标矢量的误差信息。算法应在任何时刻确保武器能够在误差范围内命中目标。因此,在飞行的每一时刻存在无法命中目标的最大误差极限。当误差即将超过极限时,武器可以要求一个简短的目标激光照射。目标的激光量测方位信息可以改进武器目标矢量估计,也可以反馈到卡尔曼滤波中来改进惯性状态估计。仿真试验表明,该算法能够在保证火力打击精度的前提下有效缩短激光照射时间,降低照射单元风险。

A new approach that minimizes the total active laser target designation time is proposed for guidance of laser guided weapons. The laser guided weapons can make full use of INS/GPS guidance, and estimate the error of the weapon-to-target vector by covariance information within a Kalman filtering. At any time, the missile needs to be sure that it can navigate to any point within the area around the target that is described by this covariance. Therefore, at each moment during the flight. there exists a covariance threshold above which the weapon cannot guarantee its ability to navigate to the target. In our proposed approach, when the threshold is exceeded, the weapon requests a brief laser designation of the target. The laser designation provides an accurate measurement of the bearing of the target with respect to the missile, and this is used to improve the estimation of the weapon-to-target vector. In turn, this can be fed back into the Kalman filter to improve the internal state estimation. The approach can minimite the laser designation time while guaranteeing the attacking precision.