椭圆封头爆炸成形技术的试验研究

Experimental Research on Explosion Forming Process of Elliptical Head

为了确定爆炸成形的最佳工艺参数,设计了一套小尺寸的爆炸成形试验装置,以TNT为能量来源,分别以沙和水为传能介质,1060H24铝板及Q235B钢板作为坯料,进行了封头爆炸成形试验。对比了不同传能介质对成形质量的影响,分析了对比距离h/m1/3与成形件中心挠度的关系,以便寻求该条件下的最佳工艺条件。试验结果表明:水的传能效率明显优于沙,对比距离太大或太小都会影响成形效果,试验所得的最佳对比距离约为0.26m/kg1/3,在此条件下爆炸成形的椭圆封头表面光洁度良好,无明显缺陷。

To confirm the optimized parameters for the explosion forming process of elliptical head, a set up of ex- perimental device was designed. The explosion forming processes were conducted using TNT as the energy resource, sand and water as the energy transition medium, thin plates of 1060H24 aluminum alloy and Q235B steel as the blanks. The contrast of forming qualities as the results of different energy transition medium usage and the examination on the relation- ship between the contrast distance （ h/m1/3 ） and the center deflection of the head can provide a way of finding out the most appropriate processing parameters. The experimental results indicated that the efficiency of water was much better than sand in energy transition. Whether the value of h/m1/3 is toohigh or law, it will all affect the explosin forming quality of head. To achieve a high forming quality, the value of contrast distance was determined as about 0.26 m/kg1/3 , under which a smooth surface with no obvious defects can be obtained.