氮、磷、钾、钙营养胁迫对加工番茄幼苗光合色素及光合特性的影响

Effect of N,P,K and Ca Stress on Photosynthetic Pigment and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Processing Tomato Varieties

[目的]研究氮、磷、钾、钙营养胁迫对加工番茄幼苗光合色素及光合特性的影响。探讨在营养胁迫条件下加工番茄幼苗生长状况、叶绿素含量和光合特征参数的变化。[方法]以加工番茄品种屯河8号为试材,通过室外Hoagland全营养液(CK)、Hoagland缺N(-N)、缺P(-P)、缺K(-K)和缺Ca(-Ca)营养液进行水培试验。[结果]与全素营养(CK)相比,缺素条件下加工番茄均出现了明显的发病症状,-N水培处理的加工番茄与叶绿素含量极显著降低,其次为-K、-P和-Ca。与此同时,与全素营养(CK)相比,-P处理净光合速率和水分利用效率最低,-K处理气孔导度最低,-N处理蒸腾速率最低。[结论]通过N、P、K、Ca缺索条件下加工番茄的生理差异性,可准确判断加工番茄营养状况,指出加工番茄生长期的缺素症。

[ Objective] The aim of this paper was to study the effect of N, P, K and Ca stress on photosynthetic pigment and photosynthetic characteristics of processing tomato varieties. [ Method ] Changes in growth condition, leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic characteristics under nutritional stress were measured and compared in different hydroponics trial treatments of Hoagland nutrition （CK） and Hoagland nutrition without nitrogen （ - N）, phosphorus （ - P） potassium （ - K） and calcium （ - Ca） of referenced processing tomato varieties - Tunhe 8 seedlings. [ Result] When compared with full nutrient （CK） treatment, the signs of the other treatments all appear obvious. The chlorophyll content of without N element treatment was very significantly reduced, followed by -K, -P, -Ca processing. At the same time, the net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of - P processing are the minimum, the stomata conductance under -K condition processing is the minimum, the transpiration rate of -N processing is the lowest, when compared with full nutrient （CK） treatment. [ Conclusion ] Through the physiological otherness of processing tomato varieties on deficiency of N, P, K and Ca, their nutrition conditions can be estimated accurately, and the nutrition deficiencies of their growth period can be indicated as well.