老年慢性肾功能不全患者与非老年慢性肾功能不全患者营养状况的比较

Comparison of nutritional status between elderly patients and non-elderly patients with chronic renal failure

目的比较老年慢性肾功能不全患者与非老年慢性肾功能不全患者的营养状况,为制订适合老年慢性肾功能不全患者的营养治疗方案提供依据。方法选择2010年1月至2011年12月我院肾内科未实施透析治疗的慢性肾功能不全住院患者198例,年龄18～87岁,其中男性114例,女性84例。按年龄分为2组,其中年龄大于60岁的患者为老年组(63例),年龄小于60岁的患者为非老年组(135例)。通过人体测量、实验室检查评价营养状况。结果老年组与非老年组患者的身高、体质量、BMI、肱三头肌皮褶厚度(男、女)、上臂围及总蛋白均差异无显著性,(P>0.05)。老年组与非老年组患者(男、女)的上臂肌围均低于正常值,且老年组男性患者上臂肌围值低于非老年组男性患者(P<0.05)。老年组患者血红蛋白、总淋巴细胞计数、白蛋白、前白蛋白、转铁蛋白低于非老年组患者(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.05)。老年组患者血清尿素氮和肌酐均高于非老年组患者(P<0.05,P<0.05)。结论老年组慢性肾功能不全患者较非老年组患者更易发生蛋白质营养不良,未透析老年患者实施长期低蛋白饮食应慎重,应给与适合老年慢性肾功能不全患者的营养方案。

Objective To compare the nutritional status between elderly patients and non-elderly patients with chronic renal failure.Methods One hundred and ninety eight chronic renal failure patients without dialysis were enrolled in the study,including 63 patients aged 60 years（elderly group） and 135 aged 60 years（non-elderly group）.The anthropometric measurements and blood biochemical parameters were measured.Results There were no significant differences in body height,body weight,BMI,triceps skinfold thickness,biceps circumference and total protein between two groups（P0.05）.Compared with the male patients in non-elderly group,the arm muscle circumference of the male patients in elderly group was lower.The hemoglobin,total lymphocyte count,albumin,prealbumin and transferring of elderly group were lower than those of non-elderly group.And the serum content of urea nitrogen and creatinine in elderly group were higher than those in non-lederly group.Conclusion Malnutrition is encountered more frequently in elderly patients with chronic renal failure,caution is necessary for those patients with low-protein diet.