未来中国征信:三大数据体系

Future Credit Reference in China: Three Data Systems

在不远的将来,我国征信将形成三大数据体系:金融征信体系、行政管理征信体系和商业征信体系。金融征信体系是以金融业主管部门为主导进行建设,行政管理征信体系是以政府及其主要职能部门为主导进行建设,商业征信体系是以行业协会组织及其会员为主导进行建设。金融征信体系、行政管理征信体系是整个征信体系的基础供应商。在它们周围将会存在并逐渐发展出一批专业的、有一定规模的征信中介机构。这些机构以金融征信和行政管理征信开放的信息为基础,进行综合或深加工,制作出满足终端市场需求的专项征信产品和综合征信产品。这三大数据体系在征信体系中应呈现"三足鼎立"的局面,它们之间不是竞争关系,而是相互补充的,每个体系都有自己的侧重点,目的都是为整个社会服务,都是征信体系不可或缺的重要组成部分。我们要正确认识政府在征信体系建设中的功能与作用。从目前情况看,中国征信体系建设的模式应是公共征信与市场征信同时起步,共同发展。当前政府行政征信管理最主要的问题是数据库的互联互通,因此有必要建立国家级和省部级交换平台。政府信用信息应在市场成熟的情况下、在政府信用信息合理分类并实现分类管理的基础上,有条件地、有序地开放。

In the foreseeable future, credit reference in China will form three data systems, i.e. financial, adminis- trative and commercial credit reference systems. Construction of financial credit reference system is oriented towards the financial industry; construction of administrative credit reference system is oriented to the government and its main functional departments ; and construction of commercial credit reference system is oriented towards industry as- sociations and their members. Financial credit reference system and administrative credit reference system are the basic suppliers for the whole credit reference system. A number of professional credit reference intermediary agen- cies with certain scale will be formed and gradually grow around these systems. Based on the open information from financial credit reference and administrative management, these agencies make special and syndrome credit reference products to meet terminal market demand through integrating or deep processing. Three data systems should be the ＂three pillars＂ for the situation of credit reference in China, and they are not competitive but complementary, each of which has its own focuses with the purpose of serving the entire socienty, and they are all indispensable components of the credit reference system in China. A correct understanding of the function and role of the government in the credit reference system should be in place. From the current situation, it＇ s necessary for the construction pattern of China＇ s credit reference system to start with the public credit reference and market credit reference simultaneously, and make mutual development of them. The major problem for current government administrative credit reference management is the interoperability of the database. It is necessary to establish an exchange platform on the national and provincial level. Government credit information should be opened in a conditional and orderly manner under the circumstance of a matured market, based on reasonable classification of government credit information and realizing classified management.