一维Bi_2Te_3基纳米材料的制备、结构控制与热电性能

Preparation,microstructure control and thermoelectric properties of one dimension Bi_2Te_3 based nano-materials

热电材料的低维化可以改善材料电输运与热传输的矛盾,特别是一维纳米热电材料明显的晶体各向异性和强烈的量子禁闭效应,可大幅度提高材料的热电优值和热电转换效率。Bi2Te3是制造低温热电材料的最常用材料,在温差发电和半导体制冷方面具有广阔的商业应用前景。以一维Bi2Te3基纳米热电材料的制备技术为评述线索,重点论述一维Bi2Te3基纳米热电材料形貌参数(包括直径、长径比)、晶面取向等微观结构的调控方法、生长机理以及显微结构对热电性能的影响规律。指出发展新的一维Bi2Te3基纳米热电材料结构控制方法,研究一维纳米热电材料的定向排布及组装技术,从更深层次揭示一维结构与热电性能的关系,以及开发一维Bi2Te3基纳米热电材料在各领域的实际应用是未来研究的发展方向。

Microstructure engineering of thermoelectric materials can resolve the conflicts of electrical and thermal transports.Especially,one dimension（1D） Bi2Te3 based thermoelectric nanomaterials have obvious crystal anisotropy and strong quantum confinement effect to improve the thermoelectric figure of merit and converision efficiency.As the most important low-temperature thermoelectric materials,Bi2Te3 materials have broad commercial applications in thermoelectric power generation and cooling.In this paper,the microstructure controlling methods about the morphology parameters（including diameter and length） and crystal plane preferred orientation,growth mechanism and the effect of microstructure on thermoelectric properties are.Reviewed in detail in terms of the preparation technology of 1D Bi2Te3 thermoelectric nanomaterials.As a consequence,the future research in 1D Bi2Te3 based thermoelectric nanomaterials should be focused on the exploration of new 1D microstructure controlling methods,perferred orientation and assembly technology,the intrinsical relation between thermoelectric properties and microstructure,and the actual application in the thermal power generation and cooling.