独生子女因素对大学生饮食行为的影响研究

Influence of One-Child Policy on Dietetic Behavior of College Students

目的了解盐城市大学生中独生子女与非独生子女的饮食行为差异,为进行相关营养教育提供依据。方法对盐城市四所院校1 283名大学生进行匿名问卷调查,内容包括基本情况和相关饮食行为,按是否独生子女分为两组。采用spss17.0进行统计学分析。结果独生子女大学生中体重过低、超重、肥胖的百分比均高于非独生子女,两组在体型分布上具有统计学差异(P<0.01)。独生子女中常吃早餐的百分比低于非独生子女(P<0.01);常喝汽水饮料、牛奶,常吃西式快餐、路边摊以及挑食偏食的百分比均高于非独生子女(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,男大学生中独生子女因素与常吃早餐呈负相关(P<0.01),与常喝汽水饮料、牛奶,常吃西式快餐呈正相关(P<0.05);女大学生中独生子女因素与常吃方便面呈负相关(P<0.05),与常喝牛奶,常吃西式快餐、路边摊以及挑食偏食呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论大学生中独生子女比非独生子女具有更多的不健康饮食行为,在营养教育时应根据不同人群的特点做到因材施教、有的放矢。

Objective To identify the difference on dietary behavior between the only child and Non - only child among college students of Yancheng city so as to provide evidences for complementary nutrition education. Methods Totally 1 283 undergraduates from 4 colleges in Yancheng city were involved in this study for anony- mous self- administered questionnaire with contents referring to basic conditions and related dietetic behavior. According to their status, students were divided into only child group and non -only child group. Software SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results The rates of underweight, overweight, obesity in the only child group were all higher than those in non - only child group. There was statistical difference in the distribu-tion of body type between 2 groups （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The percentage of eating regular breakfast in only child group was lower than that in non - only child group （P 〈 0.01 ） ; variables asdrinking carbonated beverage and milk often, eating western - style fast food constantly, choosing street vendors regularly, and having picky eat- ing habits or a penchant for some food, were also all higher （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The correlation analysis indicated that only child factor negatively correlated to eating regu-lax breakfast in male college students （P 〈0. 01 ）, but positively correlated to the variables of drinking carbon- ated beverage and milk often and eating Western - style fast food constantly （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; it negatively correla- ted to eating instant noodle frequently in female college students （ P 〈 0.05 ）, but positively correlated to the variables of drinking milk, eating Western - style fast food constantly, choosing street vendors regularly and have picky eating habits or a penchant for some food （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion There are many more unhealthy dietary behaviors in the only child group than those in Non - only child group among college students of Yancheng city. When nutrition education is carried out, the characteristics of different targets must be well - considered and the education must follow the principle of teaching students in accordance with their apti- tude.