麻黄水提物雾化吸入对哮喘小鼠气道炎症的影响

Effects of aerosolized aqueous extract of ephedra on airway inflammation in asthmatic mice

目的观察麻黄水提物雾化吸入对哮喘小鼠气道炎症及白细胞介素-13(IL-13)、嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子(Eotaxin)表达的影响。方法将24只雌性BALB/c小鼠随机分为3组:正常对照组、哮喘模型组、麻黄组,每组8只。除正常对照组用生理盐水外,哮喘模型组、麻黄组用卵蛋白腹腔注射致敏及滴鼻激发建立哮喘模型,麻黄组每次激发前1h予以麻黄水煎液雾化吸入30min,2次/天,连续7d。正常对照组、哮喘模型组用等量生理盐水代替麻黄水煎液雾化吸入,吸入方法和时间同麻黄组。小鼠末次激发24h后,计数支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白细胞(WBC)和嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS),HE染色观察支气管及其周围组织病理改变,免疫组化法测定支气管肺组织中IL-13、Eotaxin的表达,ELISA法检测IL-13、Eotaxin的浓度。结果与正常对照组比较,哮喘模型组小鼠BALF中WBC、EOS计数,支气管肺组织中IL-13、Eotaxin蛋白表达明显增高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);与哮喘模型组比较,麻黄组小鼠以上各项指标均降低,支气管及其周围组织炎症细胞浸润减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论麻黄水提物雾化吸入能减轻哮喘小鼠气道炎症,抑制支气管肺组织中IL-13、Eotaxin蛋白的表达可能是其抗炎机制之一。

Objective To study the effects of aerosolized aqueous extract of ephedra on airway inflammation and expression of interleukin-13（IL-13） and Eotaxin in asthmatic mice.Methods 24 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups：normal control group,asthma group,ephedra group,8 mice in each group.Asthmatic mice model was established by intraperitoneal injection and intranasal inhalation of ovalbumin.Mice in ephedra group,1 h before ovalbumin provocation at every time,were treated with aerosolized aqueous extract of ephedra for 30 minutes,twice daily,for consecutive 7 days.White blood cell（WBC） and Eosinophil（EOS） in BALF were counted.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes in bronchial and lung tissue.The expression of IL-13 and Eotaxin in bronchial and lung tissue was measured by immunohistostaining method.The concentration of IL-13 and Eotaxin was detected by ELISA.Results As compared with the normal control group,the asthma group showed significant increase of the WBC and EOS counts in BALF,the expression of IL-13 and Eotaxin in bronchial and lung tissues（P〈0.01）.However,all the above items in ephedra group showed remarkable reduction,and there were less inflammatory cell infiltration in or around bronchus as compared with asthma group（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Aerosolized aqueous Extract of ephedra can relieve airway inflammation,inhibit the expression of IL-13 and Eotaxin in asthmatic mice,which might be one of the mechanism for treatment of asthma.