不同剂量和程序的乙型病毒性肝炎疫苗免疫效果观察分析

Observation on immunization effect of hepatitis B vaccine in adults by different dosages and schedules

目的评价成年人接种乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)疫苗的免疫效果,探索安全、有效、适用的免疫程序,为制定免疫策略提供依据。方法选择绍兴县4个镇(街道),按照自愿原则分别选用10、20μg乙肝疫苗和0-1-3、0-1-6免疫程序对成年人开展疫苗接种,接种完成1个月后定量检测抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体(Antibody to HBsAg,抗-HBs),对不同免疫程序接种后的抗-HBs阳性率、抗体滴度水平进行评价。结果共全程免疫940人,阳性率为97.13%,抗体浓度中位数为1218.70 mIU/ml。不同剂量、不同免疫程序接种后抗-HBs阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。免后抗-HBs阳性率与性别、年龄差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论成年人接种乙肝疫苗免疫效果较好。提示应推广成年人乙肝疫苗接种,进一步建立有效的全人群防御乙肝的免疫屏障,加快我国控制乙肝的进程。

Objective To evaluate the immunization effect of hepatitis B vaccine in adults by different dosages and schedules and provide evidence for the development of immunization strategy. Methods Voluntary hepatitis B vaccination by dosage 10μg or 20 μg at 0, 1, 3 month or 0, 1, 6 month was conducted among the adults from 4 townships in Shaoxing county. One month after vaccination, the quantitative detection of anti-HBs was conducted to evaluate the immunization effects. Results Totally 940 subjects completed the vaccination series, the anti-HBs positive rates was 97.13% and the median of anti-HBs level was 1218.70 mIU/ml among them. There was no significant differences in anti-HBs positive rate between different dosage groups （P 〉 0.05 ） and by different immunization schedules （P 〉 0. 05 ）, but the gender and age specific differences in anti-HBs was statistical significant （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The immunization effect of hepatitis B in adults was good, suggesting it is necessary to promote adult hepatitis B vaccination to develop herd immunity and accelerate the hepatitis B control in China.