广西钦北区2004—2011年性传播疾病及艾滋病流行现状分析

Epidemic situation analysis of gonorrhea,syphilis,AIDS/HIV in Qinbei district of Guangxi during 2004-2011

目的了解广西壮族自治区钦州市钦北区近几年淋病、梅毒、艾滋病（AIDS）/人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）阳性病例流行病学特征和规律,为制定防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法收集2004—2011年淋病、梅毒、AIDS和HIV阳性病例疫情资料,采用Excel软件进行统计分析。结果该区在过去8年中共报告淋病、梅毒、AIDS/HIV阳性患者共3 264例,总病例8年间增加了8.9倍,人群患病率为58.17/10万,死亡率为1.51/10万;男女患者比为1.54∶1,而男女死亡病例比为9.62∶1,死亡者全部为AIDS/HIV阳性患者;淋病、梅毒、AIDS/HIV阳性患者分别占8.06%（263/3 264）、66.45%（2 169/3 264）和25.49%（832/3 264）发病高峰均在25岁年龄组,其中22~24年龄组发病人数占50.25%（1 640/3 264）;人群年平均发病率排在前3位的为大垌镇、青塘镇、大寺镇,分别为117.77/10万、103.50/10万和69.70/10万;农民所占病例总数最多为60.91%（1 988/3 264）;梅毒、AIDS/HIV阳性病例比为2.61∶1,梅毒和AIDS/HIV阳性病例近几年呈现平行上升较明显的趋势。结论该区淋病、梅毒、AIDS/HIV阳性病例已从城市向农村、从高危人群向普通人群扩散,并以性传播为主要传播途径,其防治任务非常严峻。

Objective To understand and analyze the epidemiological characteristics and regularity of gonorrhea,syphilis,AIDS/HIV-positive cases in the last few years in Qinbei district of Qinzhou city,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to provide the scientific basis for the development of prevention strategies and measures.Methods The epidemic data of the reported patients with gonorrhea,syphilis,AIDS/HIV-positive from 2004 to 2011 were collected and statistically analyzed by Excel software.Results 3 264 patients with gonorrhea,syphilis,AIDS and HIV-positive were reported in this district in the past 8 years with the total cases increasing by 8.9 times,the prevalence rate of 58.17/100 thousand and the mortality rate of 1.51/100 thousand.The prevalence ratio of male to female was 1.54 ∶ 1,while the mortality rate was 9.62 ∶ 1 and the death cases all were AIDS/HIV-positive patients.The patients with gonorrhea,syphilis and AIDS/HIV-positive accounted for 8.06%（263/3 264）,66.45%（2 169/3 264）and 25.49%（832/3 264） respectively.The prevalence rate among 22-24 years old patients was 50.25%（1 640/3 264）.The top 3 towns with high average prevalence rate were Datong,Qingtang and Dasi with 117.77/100 thousand,103.50/100 thousand,69.70/100 thousand respectively.The prevalence rate of peasant patients accounted for 60.91%（1 988/3 264）with the highest amounts.The prevalence rate between syphilis and AIDS/HIV-positive patients was 2.61 ∶ 1 and the syphilis and AIDS/HIV-positive cases presented apparently parallel rising trend in recent years.Conclusion The gonorrhea,syphilis,AIDS/HIV-positive cases spread from urban to rural and from high-risk groups to the general population in this region with sexual transmission as the main transmission route,so the prevention and control become extremely serious.