循证护理在ICU患者暴露性角膜炎预防与护理中的应用

Application of evidence-based nursing for preventing and nursing exposure keratitis in ICU patients

目的通过运用循证护理,采取有效的护理方案以减少和避免重症监护病房(ICU)患者暴露性角膜炎的发生。方法对2011年1—12月该院中心ICU收治的38例昏迷或使用深度镇静、肌松药且机械通气时间大于24 h的患者应用循证护理程序,提出临床问题并转换成检索式,检索相关的文献并结合临床经验及患者的需求选择最佳护理证据,制订干预措施,并对预防效果进行观察。结果 38例患者平均入室时间为(8±1.4)d,仅1例发生角膜浅表溃疡,其余未发生暴露性角膜炎。结论运用循证护理程序可有效地预防ICU患者暴露性角膜炎的发生。

Objective To adopt the effective nursing protocol by using the evidence-based nursing for reducing and avoiding the occurrence of exposure keratitis in the ICU patients.Methods 38 cases of coma or using deep sedation and muscle relaxants with over 24 h mechanical ventilation in ICU of this hospital from January to December 2011 applied the evidence-based nursing process.The clinical questions were proposed and converted to the search types.The relative literature was retrieved and combined with the clinical experience and the patient′s demands for selecting best nursing evidence and formulating the interventional measures.The preventative effect was observed.Results The average ICU stay time in 38 patients was（8±1.4）d.Only 1 case developed superficial corneal ulcer,no other cases had exposure keratitis.Conclusion Using the evidence-based nursing process is effective to prevent the occurrence of exposure keratitis.