“察一”(“察道”)的工夫与功用——论楚竹书《凡物流形》第二部分文本的哲学思想

The Effort and Function of Perceiving the One(the Way)

楚竹书《凡物流形》第二部分文本以"察道"或"察一"为核心概念。"察一"是对"察道"的深化和具体化,"一"与"道"具有相应乃至等同关系,"一"为百物的本体;"察一"、"得一"与"守一"是一个连续的工夫过程,"察一"包括"心能胜心"和"心之所贵唯一"两个层面,并在此突出了"心"的"主宰"和"精一"作用;"修身而治邦家"是"察道"的两种功用,"小彻"、"小成"乃"修身"的两个层次,而"大彻"包括"先知四海"、"谋于千里"和"一焉而为天地稽"三个方面,"大成"指"大之以知天下,小之以治邦"的政治功用。此外,"人白为察"当为在楚地流传很久的一种修心之术,而不必以为稷下学之流裔。

Perceiving the way or the one is the core idea of the second part of Chu bamboo manuscript Fan Wu Liu Xing,and perceiving the one is the deepening and reification of perceiving the way.To some degree,it can be said that the one equals the way.Perceiving the one includes two aspects: one's heart can overcome itself,and what the heart values is the one.Both self-cultivation and governing states are the function of perceiving the way.Self-cultivation includes both small transparence and small attainment,and both great transparence and great attainment are in terms of political function.In addition,purifying one's heart is an art of cultivating his heart,which is not surely of Jixia school.