哥本哈根社会心理问卷的信度和效度研究

Reliability and validity of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire of Chinese version

目的检验哥本哈根社会心理问卷(COPSOQ)的中文短版的信度和效度,评价其与亚健康症状评价问卷(SHSQ-25)联合使用的应用价值。方法以参加2012年度北京市宣武医院健康体检的本院在职职工(≥40岁)作为调查对象进行问卷调查,运用Cronbach′sα系数、因子分析、Spearman相关分析评价COPSOQ中工作应激相关的5个模块(工作要求、个人影响和发展、人际关系和领导能力、工作不稳定性以及工作满意度)的同质信度、结构效度和其与亚健康症状评价问卷结果的关联性。结果问卷5个模块的Cronbach′sα系数在0.791～0.891之间,因子分析结果示问卷的结构效度与理论模式基本吻合。此外,Spearman相关分析提示问卷中工作应激相关的5个模块与亚健康症状具有相关性(P<0.05)。结论 COPSOQ中文版的信度与效度良好,其与SHSQ-25联合可应用于评价工作应激与亚健康的关联。

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese shortversion of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire（COPSOQ）,and to assess the practical value of COPSOQ combined with suboptimal health status questionnaires-25（SHSQ-25）.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in employees aged 40 years and above who participated in the 2012 annual health medical examination from Xuanwu Hospital.The five dimensions of COPSOQ related to work stress（demands at work,individual influence and development,interpersonal relations and leadership,insecurity at work,and job satisfaction） were tested with the Cronbach′salpha coefficients analysis,factor analysis and Spearman correlation analysis for internal consistency,factorial validity,and correlation with the result of SHSQ-25.Results The Cronbach′s alpha coefficients of the five dimensions ranged from 0.791 to 0.891.The results of factor analysis found the factor loading pattern was corresponded to the theoretical structure of the COPSOQ.In addition,the results of the Spearman correlation analysis indicated the five dimensions related to work stress in the questionnaire were associated with suboptimal health status（P〈0.05）.Conclusions The Chinese short version of COPSOQ is a valid and reliable tool for workplace survey.Combined with SHSQ-25,the COPSOQ can also be used for evaluating the correlation between work stress and suboptimal health.